provides the opportunity to examine the differences in economic outcomes for alumni who had work-based learning experiences - paid internships, unpaid internships, practicum, co-ops - during their undergraduate education.
#Work based learning on the job training and beyond full#
Department of Education’s Baccalaureate and Beyond Longitudinal Survey 12 See for full documentation. To better understand whether paid internship and other work-based learning experiences influence the experiences of current college students and the post-graduation outcomes of alumni, our report draws unique insights from three nationally representative surveys. In this paper, we focus on how compensation in internships influences students’ confidence and their outcomes after completing a degree. Hora., Matthew Wolfgram, and Samantha Thompson, “ Research Brief #2: What Do We Know About the Impact of Internships on Student Outcomes? Results from a Preliminary Review of the Scholarly and Practitioner Literatures,” Center for Research on College-Workforce Transitions, University of Wisconsin-Madison, September 2017.
Researchers have identified several features of internships that may factor into student outcomes: compensation, coordination between educators and employers, supervisor roles and relationships, internship duration, intern autonomy in learning, clarity of tasks and activities, and feedback mechanisms for students. , 10 Brecht Neyt, Dieter Verhaest, and Stijn Baert, “ The Impact of Dual Apprenticeship Programmes on Early Labour Market Outcomes: A Dynamic Approach,” Economics of Education Review 78(2020): 1-21. Johnson, and Yanbing Wang., “ Gatekeepers of Engineering Workforce Diversity? The Academic and Employment Returns to Student Participation in Voluntary Cooperative Education Programs,” Research in Higher Education 62(2019): 448-477. as well as job placement and starting salaries. Participating in other types of work-based learning activities, such as apprenticeships and co-ops, also have positive benefits on academic success and college enrollment, 8 Jose de Amest and Susana Claro, “ Effects of Apprenticeship on the Short-Term Educational Outcomes of Vocational High-School Students,” Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness 14, no.3 (2021): 598-616. Holding an internship also can help employers more readily recognize that a job candidate has valuable skills. At least in the short-term, evidence has shown that holding internships can increase academic performance, confidence in career-planning decisions, employability, and career satisfaction. These real-world experiences help students learn new skills, build networks, and gain clarity on their future goals. 5 Jennifer Zinth, “ Work-Based Learning: Model Policy Components,” Education Commission on the States, September 2018. and more states are beginning to develop frameworks and policy agendas to support these opportunities for their constituents. Department of Education, “ Work-Based Learning Toolkit,” 2017. Multiple pieces of federal legislation recognize the importance of work-based learning in preparing for future education and workforce needs, 4 U.S.
work-based learning opportunities ideally allow students to gain academic, technical, and workplace skills as part of their overall education, sometimes on-site with employer partners, and with active engagement from academic and employer mentors. Despite imprecise language defining work-based learning 2 Charlotte Cahill, “ Making Work-Based Learning Work,” Jobs for the Future, July 2016. 1 George Kuh, “ High-impact Educational Practices: What They Are, Who Has Access to Them, and Why They Matter,” Washington, DC: Association of American Colleges and Universities, 2008. Work-based learning models, including internships, apprenticeships, and cooperative education programs (or co-ops), are lauded as “high-impact” practices for student success. These findings add new knowledge about the noneconomic post-graduation benefits of work-based learning and provide a nuanced exploration of the benefits of paid internships and the access gaps that remain.
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